08.12.2010 21:44

Bruce Alexander is best known - though deserves to be much better known - for the ‘Rat Park’ experiments he conducted in 1981. As an addiction psychologist, much of the data with which he worked was drawn from laboratory trials with rats and monkeys: the ‘addictiveness’ of drugs such as opiates and cocaine was established by observing how frequently caged animals would push levers to obtain doses. But Alexander’s observations of addicts at the clinic where he worked in Vancouver suggested powerfully to him that the root cause of addiction was not so much the pharmacology of these particular drugs as the environmental stressors with which his addicts were trying to cope.
To test his hunch he designed Rat Park, an alternative laboratory environment constructed around the need of the subjects rather than the experimenters. A colony of rats, who are naturally gregarious, were allowed to roam together in a large vivarium enriched with wheels, balls and other playthings, on a deep bed of aromatic cedar shavings and with plenty of space for breeding and private interactions. Pleasant woodland vistas were even painted on the surrounding walls. In this situation, the rats’ responses to drugs such as opiates were transformed. They no longer showed interest in pressing levers for rewards of morphine: even if forcibly addicted, they would suffer withdrawals rather than maintaining their dependence. Even a sugar solution could not tempt them to the morphine water (though they would choose this if naloxone was added to block the opiate effects). It seemed that the standard experiments were measuring not the addictiveness of opiates but the cruelty of the stresses inflicted on lab rats caged in solitary confinement, shaved, catheterised and with probes inserted into their median forebrain bundles.

The globalisation of addiction

07.08.2010 19:06

The two major plasma collection companies of which I’m aware are BioLife Plasma Services and CSL Plasma, both of which are national companies, but neither of which appears to have a donation center near DC.
This is actually typical: there is an attempt to avoid most major urban areas with higher than average concentrations of bloodborne diseases. As lower income people are both more likely to want to sit through the 90-ish minute procedure ($20 is $20)* and more likely to have diseases like hepatitis, it makes sense for them to focus on smaller cities with, terrible as it may sound, smaller numbers of minorities.

valkyryn commenting on Blood-product donation: which is the best type for AB+?

An interesting explanation that explains the distribution of plasma centers that have previously confused me. although.. i think that the explanation for increased prevalence of bloodborne diseases in urban areas is something other than an increased minority population. You know, like increased amounts (in total population if not in rates) of IV drug use.

05.06.2010 11:03
Under the Influence [via]
Coffee counts? I feel like that’s a prereq to writing anything. That’s like counting nicotine.

Under the Influence [via]

Coffee counts? I feel like that’s a prereq to writing anything. That’s like counting nicotine.

12.19.2009 13:17

after looking over the new Michigan medical marijuana legislation

i get that you’re allowed to have up to 12 plants but where do you get them? I can’t figure out if you are legally allowed to sell or buy either plants or seeds. huh? HOW ARE YOU SUPPOSED TO GET YOUR LEGALLY ALLOTTED 12 PLANTS FOR YOUR CROHN’S DISEASE?

12.19.2009 12:55
spotted while perusing city pulse in preparation for next weeks excursion back to lansing
i guess michigan was serious about medical marijuana. good for them!

spotted while perusing city pulse in preparation for next weeks excursion back to lansing

i guess michigan was serious about medical marijuana. good for them!

09.21.2009 10:00
Detroit streetartLife imitates DARE?

Detroit streetart

Life imitates DARE?

06.11.2009 06:41

Now, finally, the anarchists are free to be themselves. But freedom is a frightening, uncertain prospect, whereas the old ways, the leftist cliches and rituals, are as comfortable as a pair of old shoes (including wooden shoes). What’s more, since the left is no longer any kind of threat, anarcho-leftists are in no danger of state repression when they remember and reenact their ancient, mythic glories. That’s about as revolutionary as smoking hash, and the state tolerates both for the same reason.

“Theses on Anarchism After Post-Modernism” by Bob Black